第七届青年地学论坛

The rapid drying of the Aral Sea has led to intensive wind erosion, resulting in increased dust storms. Large amounts of aeolian dust have been swept up from the exposed former sea bottom into the atmosphere, posing a threat to the environment and human health. This study used an integrated wind erosion modeling system and the Hysplit model to investigate emission and transport characteristics of the dust. Active dust sources and the spatio-temporal distribution of airborne dust from 2010 to 2019 were identified, and the transport process of PM10 dust was simulated using the Hysplit model. The model results were verified by aerosol optical depth and air quality data. The spatial pattern of dust emission in the Aral Sea region was found to be seasonal, with the highest value and the widest spatial range occurring in spring. The main source of dust is the eastern Aral Sea region, with an area of more than 12,000 km². The total source area exceeds 26,000 km2, with average annual dust emissions of up to 83.6 Tg. Modeling of a dust event on March 22, 2020 showed that PM₁₀ dust emitted from the Aral Sea region can be transported over 4,000 km along different pathways, and the area of land surface affected was more than 6.21 × 10⁶ km². The Aral Sea dust can reach the Arctic Ocean, Iran, the Atlantic Ocean through France, and the Pacific Ocean through Japan, covering a land surface of more than 38.5 * 10⁶ km².
 

咸海,沙尘释放,土壤风蚀,数值模拟