Stochastic density functional theory (SDFT) [1,2] and the related mixed stochastic-deterministic density functional theory [3], based on the plane-wave basis set, have been implemented in the first-principles electronic structure software ABACUS [4]. In the traditional finite-temperature Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KSDFT), a well-known orbitals wall limits the first-principles molecular dynamics method to be used at extremely high temperatures. Combining with the Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) method, we apply the SDFT method to study systems with temperatures ranging from a few tens of eV to 1000 eV. Additionally, we train machine-learning-based interatomic models [5,6] from the SDFT data and used them in BOMD simulations. As a result, the structural properties, dynamic properties, and transport coefficients of warm dense matter are computed with longer trajectory time and larger system sizes. The abovementioned methods offer a new approach with first-principles accuracy to tackle properties of warm dense matter.
[1] R. Baer, D. Neuhauser, and E. Rabani, Self-Averaging Stochastic Kohn-Sham Density-Functional Theory, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 106402 (2013).
[2] Y. Cytter, E. Rabani, D. Neuhauser, and R. Baer, Stochastic Density Functional Theory at Finite Temperatures, Phys. Rev. B 97, 115207 (2018).
[3] A. J. White, L. A. Collins, K. Nichols, and S. X. Hu, Mixed Stochastic-Deterministic Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory: Application to Stopping Power of Warm Dense Carbon, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 34, 174001 (2022).
[4] Q. Liu and M. Chen, Plane-Wave-Based Stochastic-Deterministic Density Functional Theory for Extended Systems, Phys. Rev. B 106, 125132 (2022).
[5] L. Zhang, J. Han, H. Wang, R. Car, and W. E, Deep Potential Molecular Dynamics: A Scalable Model with the Accuracy of Quantum Mechanics, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 143001 (2018).
[6] H. Wang, L. Zhang, J. Han, and W. E, DeePMD-Kit: A Deep Learning Package for Many-Body Potential Energy Representation and Molecular Dynamics, Comput. Phys. Commun. 228, 178 (2018).
Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University
Organized By
Matter and Radiation at Extremes Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing, China