10th International Conference on Surface Engineering (ICSE 2026)

Lightweight metallic lattices offer opportunities to integrate load-bearing and vibration isolation functions, but achieving a suitable balance requires control over both cell geometry and spatial stiffness distribution. This study explores a geometry-based design strategy for IWP-type triply periodic minimal surface lattices by adjusting the relative contributions of two spatial-frequency components in their implicit representation. Uniform and gradient configurations were fabricated from 316L stainless steel using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and evaluated through quasi-static compression and frequency-sweep tests, supported by band structure and finite element analyses. The results show that the weighting coefficient redistributes material between nodes and connecting struts, enabling substantial changes in mechanical response with limited variation in relative density. The measured Young's modulus ranged from 632 to 1172 MPa, while the energy absorbed per unit volume before densification increased from 3.5 to 18.0 MJ/m³ across the investigated uniform configurations. A configuration with a lower weighting coefficient exhibited an additional vibration attenuation region below 100 Hz, reaching a minimum transmissibility of approximately -20 dB. Spatial grading provided further control over the response: reversing the gradient direction altered the compression behavior and vibration attenuation range. These effects were interpreted in terms of local impedance variations and the influence of stiffness distribution on low-order natural frequencies. The findings establish local geometry and gradient orientation as complementary design variables for tailoring the load-bearing, energy absorption, and vibration isolation performance of additively manufactured metallic lattices.

Laser powder bed fusion,IWP lattice,Geometric modulation,Energy absorption,Vibration isolation