The 12th International Conference on Scour and Erosion (ICSE 2025)

In rivers and canals, typical linear water level drawdowns caused by ship waves can lead to liquefaction in the soil of riverbanks and bottoms. In this study, a sand sample in a cylindric test cell is subjected to real scale linear pressure changes where various external impact factors and boundary conditions that can cause or promote liquefaction are considered. Excess pore water pressures are measured and critical gradients and effective stresses during a pressure change are calculated. The results show that liquefaction occurs, depending on the impact factors and boundary conditions. Yet there are still uncertainties considering the evaluation of liquefaction caused by a change in the unit weight of the soil during a liquefaction event.